Examples of Art Related to Education for the One Book

Homo expression, normally influenced by culture

The arts are a very wide range of homo practices of creative expression, storytelling and cultural participation. They encompass multiple diverse and plural modes of thinking, doing and being, in an extremely broad range of media. Both highly dynamic and a characteristically constant characteristic of human life, they have developed into innovative, stylized and sometimes intricate forms. This is oftentimes achieved through sustained and deliberate report, grooming and/or theorizing inside a particular tradition, beyond generations and fifty-fifty between civilizations. The arts are a vehicle through which man beings cultivate distinct social, cultural and private identities, while transmitting values, impressions, judgments, ideas, visions, spiritual meanings, patterns of life and experiences across time and space.

Prominent examples of the arts include architecture, visual arts (including ceramics, drawing, filmmaking, painting, photography, and sculpting), literary arts (including fiction, drama, poesy, and prose), performing arts (including dance, music, and theatre), textiles and fashion, folk fine art and handicraft, oral storytelling, conceptual and installation fine art, criticism, and culinary arts (including cooking, chocolate making and winemaking). They tin employ skill and imagination to produce objects, performances, convey insights and experiences, and construct new environments and spaces.

The arts tin refer to common, popular or everyday practices as well as more sophisticated and systematic, or institutionalized ones. They tin can be discrete and self-contained, or combine and interweave with other art forms, such as the combination of artwork with the written word in comics. They can also develop or contribute to some particular attribute of a more complex art class, equally in cinematography.

By definition, the arts themselves are open to being continually re-defined. The practise of modern art, for example, is a testament to the shifting boundaries, improvisation and experimentation, reflexive nature, and self-criticism or questioning that art and its conditions of production, reception, and possibility can undergo.

As both a means of developing capacities of attention and sensitivity, and equally ends in themselves, the arts can simultaneously be a class of response to the globe, and a manner that our responses, and what we deem worthwhile goals or pursuits, are transformed. From prehistoric cave paintings, to ancient and contemporary forms of ritual, to modern-day films, art has served to register, embody and preserve our ever shifting relationships to each other and to the world.

Definition

In that location are several possible meanings for the definitions of the terms Art and Arts.^[a] The start meaning of the word art is « fashion of doing ».^[1] The most basic present meaning defines the arts equally specific activities that produce sensitivity in humans.^[ii] The arts are also referred to as bringing together all creative and imaginative activities, without including science.^[b] ^[iii] ^[four] In its most basic abstract definition, art is a documented expression of a sentient being through or on an accessible medium so that anyone can view, hear or experience it. The act itself of producing an expression can likewise be referred to as a certain art, or as fine art in general. Whether this solidified expression, or the deed of producing information technology, is "good" or has value depends on those who access and rate it. Such public rating is dependent on various subjective factors. Merriam-Webster defines "the arts" as "painting, sculpture, music, theatre, literature, etc., considered as a group of activities done by people with skill and imagination."^[five] Similarly, the Us Congress, in the National Foundation on the Arts and Humanities Act, defined "the arts" as follows:

The term "the arts" includes, merely is not limited to, music (instrumental and vocal), trip the light fantastic toe, drama, folk art, creative writing, compages and allied fields, painting, sculpture, photography, graphic and craft arts, industrial design, costume and fashion pattern, move pictures, television, radio, film, video, tape and sound recording, the arts related to the presentation, performance, execution, and exhibition of such major art forms, all those traditional arts practiced by the diverse peoples of this state. (sic) and the study and application of the arts to the human surroundings.^[6]

Art is a global activity in which a large number of disciplines are included, such every bit: fine arts, liberal arts, visual arts, decorative arts, applied arts, design, crafts, performing arts,^[3] ... We are talking about "the arts" when several of them are mentioned: "As in all arts the enjoyment increases with the knowledge of the art".^[seven]

The arts tin can be divided into several areas, the fine arts which bring together, in the broad sense, all the arts whose aim is to produce true artful pleasure,^[8] decorative arts and applied arts which chronicle to an artful side in everyday life.^[9]

History

The earliest surviving course of any of the arts are cave paintings, possibly from 70,000 BCE, simply definitely from at to the lowest degree xl,000 BCE.^[x] The oldest known musical instrument, the purported Divje Babe Flute—fabricated from a young cave bear femur—is dated to 43,000 and 82,000 BCE, but whether it is truly a instrument (or an object created by animals) remains extremely controversial.^[xi] The earliest objects whose designations every bit musical instruments are widely accepted are eight bone flutes from the Swabian Jura, Germany; three of these from the Geissenklösterle are dated as the oldest, c. 43,150–39,370 BP.^[12] The earliest surviving literature appears much afterwards; the Instructions of Shuruppak and Kesh temple hymn among other Sumerian cuneiform tablets, are idea to but be from 2600 BCE.^[thirteen]

In Ancient Greece, all art and craft was referred to past the same word, techne. Thus, at that place was no distinction amid the arts. Ancient Greek fine art brought the veneration of the animal form and the evolution of equivalent skills to testify musculature, poise, beauty, and anatomically correct proportions. Ancient Roman art depicted gods as idealized humans, shown with feature distinguishing features (e.g. Zeus' thunderbolt). In Byzantine and Gothic art of the Middle Ages, the dominance of the church building insisted on the expression of biblical truths. Eastern fine art has generally worked in a style akin to Western medieval art, namely a concentration on surface patterning and local color (meaning the evidently colour of an object, such equally basic red for a red robe, rather than the modulations of that colour brought almost by light, shade and reflection). A characteristic of this style is that the local colour is oftentimes defined by an outline (a contemporary equivalent is the cartoon). This is evident in, for example, the fine art of Bharat, Tibet and Japan. Religious Islamic art forbids iconography, and instead expresses religious ideas through calligraphy and geometrical designs.

Classifications

In the Middle Ages, the Artes Liberales (liberal arts) were taught in universities as function of the Trivium, an introductory curriculum involving grammar, rhetoric, and logic,^[14] and of the Quadrivium, a curriculum involving the "mathematical arts" of arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy.^[15] The Artes Mechanicae (consisting of vestiaria – tailoring and weaving; agricultura – agriculture; architectura – compages and masonry; militia and venatoria – warfare, hunting, military education, and the martial arts; mercatura – trade; coquinaria – cooking; and metallaria – blacksmithing and metallurgy)^[16] ^{[ not specific enough to verify ]} were practised and developed in guild environments. The modern distinction between "artistic" and "non-creative" skills did non develop until the Renaissance. In mod academia, the arts are commonly grouped with or as a subset of the humanities. Some subjects in the humanities are history, linguistics, literature, theology, philosophy, and logic.

The arts have also been classified as seven: painting, architecture, sculpture, literature, music, performing and cinema. Some view literature, painting, sculpture, and music every bit the main four arts, of which the others are derivative; drama is literature with acting, dance is music expressed through move, and vocal is music with literature and vocalisation.^[17] Motion-picture show is sometimes called the "eighth" and comics the "ninth art".^[18]

Visual arts

Compages

Architecture is the art and scientific discipline of designing buildings and structures. The discussion architecture comes from the Greek arkhitekton, "master builder, managing director of works," from αρχι- (arkhi) "chief" + τεκτων (tekton) "builder, carpenter".^[19] A wider definition would include the blueprint of the built environment, from the macrolevel of town planning, urban design, and landscape architecture to the microlevel of creating furniture. Architectural pattern usually must accost both feasibility and toll for the builder, also as function and aesthetics for the user.

In modern usage, architecture is the art and bailiwick of creating, or inferring an implied or apparent plan of, a circuitous object or organization. The term tin can exist used to connote the implied architecture of abstract things such as music or mathematics, the apparent architecture of natural things, such equally geological formations or the structure of biological cells, or explicitly planned architectures of human-made things such every bit software, computers, enterprises, and databases, in improver to buildings. In every usage, an architecture may be seen as a subjective mapping from a human perspective (that of the user in the case of abstract or physical artifacts) to the elements or components of some kind of structure or organization, which preserves the relationships among the elements or components. Planned architecture manipulates space, volume, texture, calorie-free, shadow, or abstruse elements in society to achieve pleasing aesthetics. This distinguishes it from practical science or technology, which usually concentrate more on the functional and feasibility aspects of the blueprint of constructions or structures.

In the field of building architecture, the skills demanded of an architect range from the more than circuitous, such as for a hospital or a stadium, to the apparently simpler, such every bit planning residential houses. Many architectural works may be seen also as cultural and political symbols, or works of art. The role of the architect, though changing, has been central to the successful (and sometimes less than successful) design and implementation of pleasingly built environments in which people alive.

Ceramics

Ceramic art is art fabricated from ceramic materials (including clay), which may take forms such as pottery, tile, figurines, sculpture, and tableware. While some ceramic products are considered fine fine art, some are considered to be decorative, industrial, or applied art objects. Ceramics may also be considered artefacts in archaeology. Ceramic fine art can exist fabricated by one person or by a grouping of people. In a pottery or ceramic factory, a group of people design, manufacture, and decorate the pottery. Products from a pottery are sometimes referred to as "art pottery." In a one-person pottery studio, ceramists or potters produce studio pottery. In modern ceramic engineering usage, "ceramics" is the art and science of making objects from inorganic, non-metallic materials by the action of heat. It excludes glass and mosaic fabricated from glass tesserae.

Conceptual fine art

Conceptual fine art is art wherein the concept(due south) or idea(s) involved in the piece of work have precedence over traditional aesthetic and material concerns. The inception of the term in the 1960s referred to a strict and focused practice of idea-based art that oftentimes defied traditional visual criteria associated with the visual arts in its presentation every bit text.^[20] Through its association with the Young British Artists and the Turner Prize during the 1990s,^[21] its pop usage, particularly in the United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland, developed as a synonym for all contemporary art that does non practise the traditional skills of painting and sculpture.

Drawing

Drawing is a means of making an image, using whatsoever of a wide variety of tools and techniques. It generally involves making marks on a surface past applying pressure level from a tool, or moving a tool across a surface. Common tools are graphite pencils, pen and ink, inked brushes, wax colour pencils, crayons, charcoals, pastels, and markers. Digital tools which tin simulate the effects of these are too used. The primary techniques used in cartoon are line drawing, hatching, crosshatching, random hatching, scribbling, stippling, and blending. An artist who excels in cartoon is referred to equally a drafter, draftswoman, or draughtsman.^[22] Drawing can be used to create fine art used in cultural industries such as illustrations, comics and animation. Comics are often called the "ninth art" (le neuvième art) in Francophone scholarship, adding to the traditional "7 Arts".^[23]

Painting

Painting is a style of creative expression, and can be done in numerous forms. Cartoon, gesture (as in gestural painting), composition, narration (equally in narrative art), or brainchild (equally in abstract fine art), among other aesthetic modes, may serve to manifest the expressive and conceptual intention of the practitioner.^[24] Paintings can exist naturalistic and representational (equally in a still life or mural painting), photographic, abstract, narrative, symbolistic (as in Symbolist art), emotive (every bit in Expressionism), or political in nature (as in Artivism).

Modern painters accept extended the practice considerably to include, for example, collage. Collage is not painting in the strict sense since it includes other materials. Some modern painters incorporate unlike materials such every bit sand, cement, straw, wood or strands of hair for their artwork texture. Examples of this are the works of Jean Dubuffet or Anselm Kiefer.

Photography

Photography every bit an art grade refers to photographs that are created in accord with the creative vision of the photographer. Art photography stands in contrast to photojournalism, which provides a visual account for news events, and commercial photography, the primary focus of which is to advertise products or services.

Sculpture

Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in iii dimensions. It is one of the plastic arts. Durable sculptural processes originally used carving (the removal of material) and modelling (the addition of textile, as clay), in stone, metal, ceramics, forest and other materials; but since modernism, shifts in sculptural process led to an almost complete freedom of materials and process. A broad diversity of materials may be worked past removal such as carving, assembled by welding or modelling, or moulded, or bandage.

Literary arts

Literature is literally "associate with letters" every bit in the first sense given in the Oxford English Dictionary. The substantive "literature" comes from the Latin word littera meaning "an individual written graphic symbol (letter)." The term has mostly come to identify a collection of writings, which in Western culture are mainly prose (both fiction and non-fiction), drama and poesy. In much, if non all of the world, the creative linguistic expression can be oral as well, and include such genres as epic, legend, myth, carol, other forms of oral poesy, and equally folktale. Comics, the combination of drawings or other visual arts with narrating literature, are oft called the "9th art" (le neuvième art) in Francophone scholarship.^[23]

Performing arts

Performing arts comprise trip the light fantastic, music, theatre, opera, mime, and other art forms in which a human being performance is the principal product. Performing arts are distinguished past this functioning element in contrast with disciplines such as visual and literary arts where the product is an object that does not require a functioning to be observed and experienced. Each discipline in the performing arts is temporal in nature, pregnant the production is performed over a period of time. Products are broadly categorized equally being either repeatable (for example, by script or score) or improvised for each performance.^[25] Artists who participate in these arts in front of an audition are called performers, including actors, magicians, comedians, dancers, musicians, and singers. Performing arts are also supported by the services of other artists or essential workers, such as songwriting and stagecraft. Performers often accommodate their appearance with tools such as costume and stage makeup.

Dance

Dance (from Old French dancier, of unknown origin) more often than not refers to homo movement either used equally a form of expression or presented in a social, spiritual or performance setting.^[26] Dance is besides used to describe methods of non-exact communication (see body language) between humans or animals (e.g. bee dance, mating dance), motion in inanimate objects (east.g. the leaves danced in the air current), and certain musical forms or genres. Choreography is the art of making dances, and the person who does this is called a choreographer. Definitions of what constitutes trip the light fantastic toe are dependent on social, cultural, aesthetic, artistic and moral constraints and range from functional motility (such as Folk dance) to codified, virtuoso techniques such as ballet. In sports, gymnastics, figure skating and synchronized swimming are trip the light fantastic disciplines while Martial arts "kata" are often compared to dances.

Music

Music is an art form whose medium is audio and silence, occurring in fourth dimension. Common elements of music are pitch (which governs tune and harmony), rhythm (and its associated concepts tempo, metre, and articulation), dynamics, and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture. The cosmos, functioning, significance, and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context. Music ranges from strictly organized compositions (and their reproduction in performance) through improvisational music to aleatoric pieces. Music can be divided into genres and subgenres, although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are oftentimes subtle, sometimes open to individual interpretation, and occasionally controversial. Within "the arts", music may be classified as a performing art, a fine art, and auditory art.

Theatre

Theatre or theater (from Greek theatron (θέατρον); from theasthai, "behold"^[27]) is the branch of the performing arts concerned with interim out stories in front end of an audience using combinations of speech, gesture, music, dance, audio and spectacle – indeed, any i or more elements of the other performing arts. In improver to the standard narrative dialogue fashion, theatre takes such forms as opera, ballet, mime, kabuki, classical Indian dance, Chinese opera and mummers' plays.

Multidisciplinary artistic works

Areas be in which artistic works incorporate multiple creative fields, such as film, opera and performance art. While opera is often categorized in the performing arts of music, the discussion itself is Italian for "works", because opera combines several artistic disciplines in a singular creative experience. In a typical traditional opera, the entire work utilizes the post-obit: the sets (visual arts), costumes (fashion), acting (dramatic performing arts), the libretto, or the words/story (literature), and singers and an orchestra (music).

The composer Richard Wagner recognized the fusion of and so many disciplines into a unmarried work of opera, exemplified past his cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen ("The Ring of the Nibelung"). He did not apply the term opera for his works, but instead Gesamtkunstwerk ("synthesis of the arts"), sometimes referred to equally "Music Drama" in English language, emphasizing the literary and theatrical components which were every bit important as the music. Classical ballet is another course which emerged in the 17th century in which orchestral music is combined with dance.

Other works in the late 19th, 20th and 21st centuries have fused other disciplines in unique and artistic ways, such as functioning art. Performance fine art is a performance over fourth dimension which combines any number of instruments, objects, and art within a predefined or less well-defined structure, some of which tin can be improvised. Performance art may be scripted, unscripted, random or carefully organized; even audience participation may occur. John Cage is regarded by many equally a performance artist rather than a composer, although he preferred the latter term. He did not etch for traditional ensembles. Cage'due south composition Living Room Music equanimous in 1940 is a "quartet" for unspecified instruments, really non-melodic objects, which can exist found in a living room of a typical house, hence the title.

Other arts

There is no clear line between art and civilisation. Cultural fields like gastronomy are sometimes considered every bit arts.^[28]

Applied arts

The practical arts are the application of pattern and ornamentation to everyday, functional, objects to make them aesthetically pleasing.^[29] The applied arts includes fields such equally industrial design, illustration, and commercial fine art.^[30] The term "applied art" is used in distinction to the fine arts, where the latter is defined as arts that aims to produce objects which are cute or provide intellectual stimulation merely accept no primary everyday function. In practice, the two often overlap.

Video games

A fence exists in the fine arts and video game cultures over whether video games can be counted as an art form.^[31] Game designer Hideo Kojima professes that video games are a type of service, not an fine art form, considering they are meant to entertain and attempt to entertain equally many people as possible, rather than beingness a single artistic voice (despite Kojima himself existence considered a gaming auteur, and the mixed opinions his games typically receive). All the same, he acknowledged that since video games are made up of creative elements (for example, the visuals), game designers could exist considered museum curators – not creating creative pieces, but arranging them in a way that displays their artistry and sells tickets.

Within social sciences, cultural economists bear witness how video games playing is conducive to the involvement in more traditional art forms and cultural practices, which suggests the complementarity between video games and the arts.^[32]

In May 2011, the National Endowment of the Arts included video games in its redefinition of what is considered a "piece of work of art" when applying for a grant.^[33] In 2012, the Smithsonian American Art Museum presented an exhibit, The Art of the Video Game.^[34] Reviews of the exhibit were mixed, including questioning whether video games vest in an art museum.

Arts criticism

Architecture criticism
Art criticism
Dance criticism
Film criticism
Music criticism
Television criticism
Theatre criticism
Literary criticism

Notes

^ The term Art comes from the Latin ars, artis.
^ Historically, science has long been opposed to art, because art was characterised as a discipline that could non be learned (unlike scientific discipline).

References

^ Valéry 1935, p. 683.
^ "Définition de 50'art" [Definition of art] (in French). Éditions Larousse. Archived from the original on 31 March 2021. Retrieved vii June 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Fine art Definition: Significant, Nomenclature of Visual Arts". visual-arts-cork.com. Archived from the original on 30 May 2020. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
^ "The arts definition and meaning". Collins English Dictionary. Archived from the original on 11 July 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2020.
^ "Definition of The Arts by Merriam-Webster". Merriam-Webster. Archived from the original on 1 June 2017. Retrieved fourteen May 2017.
^ Van Camp 2006.
^ Hemingway 2003, p. eleven.
^ "Définition de Beaux-Arts" [Definition of Fine Arts] (in French). Bayard Presse. Archived from the original on 8 June 2020. Retrieved eight June 2020. The fine arts include painting, sculpture, certain graphic arts and architecture. Music and poetry are sometimes called fine fine art.
^ "Définition de arts appliqués" [Definition of practical arts] (in French). Fifty'Internaute. Archived from the original on eight June 2020. Retrieved 8 June 2020. The applied arts bring together under one banner all the activities that bring an aesthetic side to everyday life. These arts are practiced by designers, who are in charge of embellishing what surrounds the individual.
^ St. Fleur 2018, p. 10.
^ Morley 2013, pp. 38–39.
^ Morley 2013, pp. 42–43.
^ Diedrich 2015, p. 1.
^ Onions, Friedrichsen & Burchfield 1991, p. 994.
^ "Quadrivium". The New International Encyclopædia. 1905 – via Wikisource. The quadrivium consisted of arithmetic, music, geometry, and astronomy.
^ In his commentary on Martianus Capella's early fifth century work, The Marriage of Philology and Mercury, one of the main sources for medieval reflection on the liberal arts
^ Rowlands & Landauer 2001.
^ Ryynänen, Max (2020). On the Philosophy of Central European Art: The History of an Establishment and Its Global Competitors. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 37. ISBN978-i-7936-3418-four.
^ Harper 2016.
^ LeWitt 1967, pp. 79–83.
^ Huntsman 2015, p. 221.
^ "The definition of draftsman". Dictionary.com. Archived from the original on 29 October 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
^ ^a ^b Miller 2007, p. 23.
^ Perry 2014, p. 85.
^ Honderich 2006.
^ Fraleigh 1987, p. iii.
^ Harper, Douglas (2001–2016). "theater (n.)". Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on 30 October 2016. Retrieved 29 October 2016.
^ Desai, DeSimone & Henig 2013.
^ Chilvers 2004, p. 29.
^ "Define Applied fine art at Lexicon.com". Lexicon.com. Archived from the original on 31 July 2017. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
^ Parker 2012, p. 42.
^ Borowiecki & Prieto-Rodriguez 2013, pp. 239–258.
^ Barber 2012.
^ Parker 2012, p. 46.

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External links

Media related to The arts at Wikimedia Commons
Topic Dictionaries at Oxford Learner's Dictionaries
Definition of Art by Lexico

freemannorned.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_arts